Full AC analysis of value of DER to the grid and optimal DER scheduling

This paper presents part of the work ComEd and Quanta Technology have performed to quantify the locational and temporal value of DER to avoid distribution grid upgrade investments. It focuses on the formulation of a robust and efficient algorithm for DER optimal dispatch on a distribution feeder to mitigate the violation of current and voltage limits using the allocated cost of capacity and locational marginal value of real and reactive DER injection/withdrawal.     

High strain rate compressive response of the Cf/SiC composite

Carbon fiber reinforced ceramic owns the properties of lightweight, high fracture toughness, excellent shock resistance, and thus overcomes ceramic's brittleness. The researches on the advanced structure of astronautics, marine have exclusively evaluated the quasi-static mechanical response of carbon fiber reinforced ceramics, while few investigations are available in the open literature regarding elastodynamics. This paper reports the dynamic compressive responses of a carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide (C_f/SiC) composite (CFCMC) tested by the material test system 801 machine (MTS) and the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). These tests were to determine the rate dependent compression response and high strain rate failure mechanism of the C_f/SiC composite in in-plane and out-plane directions. The in-plane compressive strain rates are from 0.001 to 2200?s^?1, and that of the out-plane direction are from 0.001 to 2400?s^?1. The compressive stress-strain curves show the C_f/SiC composite has a property of strain rate sensitivity in both directions while under high strain rate loadings. Its compressive stiffness, compressive stress, and corresponding strain are also strain rate sensitive. The compressive damage morphologies after high strain rate impacting show different failure modes for each loading direction. This study provides knowledge about elastodynamics of fiber-reinforced ceramics and extends their design criterion with a reliable evaluation while applying in the scenario of loading high strain rate.     

Fabrication of NixCo3-xS4 hollow nanosphere as wideband electromagnetic absorber at thin matched thickness

Nowadays, transition metal sulfide (TMS), especially for spinel crystal structure (A_xB_3-xS₄), have been proved to be a promising electromagnetic (EM) absorber if been used to deal with the severe electromagnetic pollution. However, EM performance degradation and absorption layer thickness-decreasing at present remains a big challenge, owning to the poor EM attenuation ability. To overcome this barrier, herein we reported a Ni_xCo_3-xS₄ (x = 0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.0) absorber with hollow sphere structure to realize a good EM performance with a thinner matched thickness (<1.5 mm). The average sizes of these Ni_xCo_3-xS₄ distributed in 450–550 nm. The dielectric loss ability (ε'') can be boosted by tuning the molar ratio of Ni/Co, which attributes to EM performance. Additionally, hollow structure would lead to the electromagnetic multi-reflection, also benefited to EM performance. The results demonstrated that the maximum qualified absorption bandwidth (f_E) of 3.8 GHz can be achieved for the Ni_0·3Co_2·7S₄ sample when specimen thickness only equals to 1.3 mm.     

Evaluation of the potential use of discard species for fish silage and assessment of its oils for human consumption

Waste or by-products contains a substantial amount of nutrients. Fish silage is an alternative way for assessment of fish discards and waste generated in the fish processing industries. The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential use of discard species (Equulites klunzingeri, marine fish and Carassius gibelio, freshwater fish) for fish silage and chemical quality of fish oil extracted from fish silages prepared with acid and fermented methods. Lipid quality of fish oils extracted from fish silages with LAB strains was evaluated in terms of thiobarbituric acid (TBA), peroxide value (PV), p-Anisidine (AV), totox values and fatty acid composition. The results showed that PV, TBA, AV and totox values of all extracted fish oils were within the acceptable limits for edible oils. Recovered fish oils from silage contained high level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), serving as a source of good quality fish oil for human consumption.     

Inulin-based emulsion-filled gel as a fat replacer in prebiotic- and PUFA-enriched dry fermented sausages

In order to produce fermented sausages with prebiotic fibre and improved fatty acid composition, 16% of pork back fat was replaced with inulin gelled suspension (I) and inulin linseed oil gelled emulsion (IO). Physico-chemical analysis, fatty acid profiles, lipid oxidation, microbiological, textural, colour and sensory analysis were carried out. The fat content was lower in I (31.38%) and IO (35.36%) modified sausages compared to control (44.37%) (P < 0.05). IO sausages had lower SFA and MUFA and higher PUFA content with an improved n-6/n-3 ratio (2.23) (P < 0.05) and α-linolenic acid increment (5.74 g per 100 g). Reformulation led to decrease in springiness, chewiness and hardness and increase in adhesiveness of the sausages. Modified sausages had lower L* and higher a* values, while b* values of I sausages did not differ compared to control sausages. Modified sausages were acceptable regarding all sensory attributes. Lipid oxidation parameters showed higher susceptibility to oxidation and lipolysis in IO sausages.     

Effects of hydroxyl radical induced oxidation on water holding capacity and protein structure of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) mantle

Protein oxidation is considered as an important issue in food preservation process. In the present study, the potential influence of protein oxidation on water holding capacity and protein structure of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) mantle was investigated. After the hydroxyl radical oxidation, it was found that the carbonyl, surface hydrophobicity and dityrosine content of myofibrillar protein significantly increased (P < 0.05), while the content of total sulphydryl decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, the fluorescence intensity of squid was weakened, and the maximum absorption peak of fluorescence red shift as the H₂O₂ concentration increased. The sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed that not only the protein cross-linking but also degradation could have occurred. The content of α-helix decreased, the content of β-sheet, β-turn and the unordered structures increased after oxidation. In addition, oxidation resulted in a decrease in water holding capacity. Taken together, oxidation resulted in the damage of the myofibrillar structure, the increase in muscle loss rate and the decrease in water holding capacity.     

导热油在线再生装置的介绍与计算分析

聚酯工业中液相导热油在高温使用环境中会发生裂解甚至劣化的现象,从而影响导热油的使用性能。对劣化后的合成导热油的再生工艺流程进行了说明,提出了理论推导得到的导热油中低沸物质量分数、在线再生量、低沸物初始质量分数和再生批次之间的关系式。然后根据具体案例进行了导热油在线再生的计算分析,得出结论:导热油再生比更换导热油有较大的经济性优势;在导热油再生中确定合理的再生低沸物质量分数,能够以较小的能耗代价完成再生导热油的再生;另外选取适当大一点的单批次再生量,也有利于降低再生过程的能耗。     

Graphene Adsorption and Separation Functional Materials

Graphene and its derivatives have been considered intensively in the development and application of new types of adsorption and separation functional materials, due to its unique structure and superior performance. A comprehensive review on recent studies on adsorption and separation functional materials is given, including graphene, graphene oxide, graphene gel, graphene‐based sponge, graphene separation membrane as well as graphene continuous oil absorption and separation materials. Moreover, the preparation methods and application prospects are mainly utilized to illustrate the research progress. Especially, it is predicted that layered graphene membrane and graphene continuous oil absorption and separation materials may be the most research worthy.